Urupapuro rw'icyuma cyo gusudira: Ikintu cyose ukeneye kumenya

Amakuru agezweho: 09/02, igihe cyo gusoma: iminota 6

Igikorwa cyo gusudira

Urupapuro rwo gusudirani inzira ikomeye yo guhimba kuko nimwe muburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza ibice byamabati kugirango bikore ishusho yifuza.Mu gusudira, ubuso bwo gushyingiranwa bukorerwa ubushyuhe bwinshi kugirango buhuze mugushonga ibyuma ahantu hagenwe.Rimwe na rimwe, igitutu nacyo gikoreshwa muguhuza ibice, ariko Spark niyo izwi cyane mubakora no mubikorwa byinganda.

Iyi ngingo izaganira muri makeimpapuro zitandukanye zo gusudira Ubuhanga, Porogaramu, ibintu ugomba gusuzuma, hamwe ninama zingirakamaro zo gusudira.

1.     MIG

Igikorwa cyo gusudira MIG

Irindi zina ryo gusudira MIG ni Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW).Uburyo bwo gusudira aho amashanyarazi akomeye ashobora gukoreshwa akora pisine ishonga mumwanya uhuza.Amashanyarazi yumuriro wa electrode ashyushya agace kagenewe kandi ushonga icyuma.Muri ubu buryo, imbunda yo gusudira ikoresha gaze ikingira (helium, argon, azote) kugira ngo pisine isudira itanduzwa no kwanduza ikirere.Irakwiriye kumpapuro zicyuma zidafite ingese, ibyuma bya Carbone, na Aluminium.

Mu gusudira kwa MIG, gazi y'imbere iva muri silinderi itanga hamwe n'amashanyarazi hamwe na voltage ihoraho birasabwa gukora arc amashanyarazi yo gushonga ibyuma no kugaburira insinga ya electrode.

Umuvuduko wo gusudira muri MIG uratandukana kuva kuri santimetero 20 kugeza kuri 30 kumunota ukurikije aho gusudira (Imbere cyangwa hanze) & ibikoresho.Ariko, MIG yahindutse byikora kandi irashobora gusudira kugeza 100″ku munota.

2.     TIG

Igikorwa cyo gusudira TIG

Gusudira TIG bitanga ubushyuhe mukarere kihariye k'amabati aho guhuza ari ngombwa ukoresheje tungsten electrode idakoreshwa.Kimwe no gusudira MIG, gukingira gaze inert ikoreshwa mukurinda kwanduza pisine.Kubera ko electrode idashobora gukoreshwa, ingingo ishimangirwa nibikoresho byuzuza.Kugaburira rero inkoni yuzuza ubudahwema muburyo bwo gusudira mugihe cyose birakenewe.

Ukurikije Uwitekaurupapuroumubyimba, urashobora guhitamo diameter ya tungsten electrode yo gusudira.Kurugero, 2.4mm ya tungsten electrode izaba nziza niba icyuma cyurupapuro gifite uburebure bwa 3mm.1,6 mm bizaba byiza cyane niba urupapuro rworoshye.

Kuberako ikora ingingo zikomeye mubyuma byuma & ibyuma bidafite ferrous nka Aluminium, umuringa, titanium, magnesium, na Chromium, gusudira TIG bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo mu kirere no gukora amamodoka usibye guhimba ibikoresho.Nubwo intoki TIG yo gusudira igenda gahoro (4 kugeza 6″ku munota), gusudira ukoresheje automatike cyangwa uburyo bwa robo bushobora kwihutisha inzira.

3.     Kudoda

Igikorwa cyo gusudira

Gusudira inkoni nuburyo busanzwe kandi gakondo bwo guhuza impapuro zicyuma, zikoresha ibyuma bikingira arc gusudira.Nuburyo bwintoki arc welding ikoresha inkoni itwikiriye flux nka electrode.Electrode itwara ibintu bibi aho urupapuro rwakazi ruhujwe na terefone nziza ya AC power source.

Nuburyo bworoshye.Ongeraho inkoni ya electrode ku mbunda yo gusudira hanyuma ukore aho gusudira kugirango ukomeze.Nubwo ishyira ibyuma byinshi mumwanya wo gusudira kandi bisaba ubuhanga buhanitse, birakwiriye kubutare bukomeye nkibyuma bya karubone namabati yicyuma gifite uburebure buri munsi ya mm 3.2.

4.     Plasma Arc Welding

Igikorwa cyo gusudira cya plasma arc

Muri plasma arc gusudira, icyuma coescence ikorwa na arc igabanijwe ikozwe numuvuduko mwinshi wa gazi ionisiyasi yitwa plasma.Mubikorwa byinshi byo gusudira plasma arc, indege ya plasma itangwa no gushyushya gaze ya orifice mucyumba cya torch polenta no guhatira plasma binyuze mumutwe.Inkinzo yigice iboneka binyuze muri plasma kandi ikongerwaho na gaz yingirakamaro ikingira.Imyuka ikingira imyuka ikoresha argon, helium, cyangwa imvange ya argon na hydrogen cyangwa helium.

Ingufu zubushyuhe bwumugezi wa plasma ziribanze kandi zikomeye cyane kubera arc igabanije, ituma byinjira cyane.Nkigisubizo, itanga igihagararo gihamye, kigufi, kandi cyihuta gusudira mubyuma.Urupapuro rwamabati rushobora guhuzwa ukoresheje plasma arc gusudira cyangwa udafite ibikoresho byuzuza.Ibyuma bya fer na ferrous, harimo impapuro zoroshye, birashobora guhuzwa ukoresheje gusudira plasma arc.

5.     Gusudira Laser-beam

Igikorwa cyo gusudira lazeri

Mu gusudira urumuri rwa lazeri, urumuri rurerure rwa fotone yerekanaga ahantu ho gusudira ashyushya amabati hanyuma akayahuza no gukora pisine yo gusudira.Inyungu yibanze yiyi gahunda yo gusudira ni uko hazaba agace gato gaterwa nubushyuhe bitewe na fotone nini cyane.

Laser weldBirakwiriye kumpapuro zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gushonga hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije, nka Carbone & ibyuma bidafite ingese, titanium, na Aluminium.Kuberako gusudira gufunguye kugerwaho byoroshye, bikoreshwa muguhimba ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo mu kirere, amaboko, hamwe na pacemakers.

Hano hari imashini ebyiri zisanzwe zo gusudira laser kumpapuro zicyuma, ubwoko bugufi nuburebure bwumurongo.Inkomoko ndende ni isoko ya CO2 yo mu bwoko bwa lazeri, mugihe imashini ngufi-ndende ari YAG, disiki, cyangwa fibre fibre.Itandukaniro ryibanze nuko imashini zifite uburebure bugufi-zishonga ibintu byihuse kuruta birebire.

Noneho reka tugereranye buri kimwe mubikorwa byo gusudira kugirango twumve neza;

Kugereranya hagati yo gusudira

Ubwoko bwimyanya yo gusudira & Ibimenyetso

Hariho ubwoko bune bwibanze bwimyanya yo gusudira Flat (1), Horizontal (2), Vertical (3), na Hejuru (4).Umubare uri mumutwe ugereranya ikimenyetso cyubwoko.Na none, kuzuza (F) hamwe no gusudira (G) birashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro bine byose.Reka twumve ibi bimenyetso nurugero;

i.                   3 F: Kuzuza gusudira mumwanya uhagaze

ii.                 4 G: gusudira guswera mumwanya wo hejuru

iii.               2 F: Kuzuza gusudira mumwanya utambitse

Imyanya itandukanye yo gusudira

Mu gusudira kuzuza, impera yo hejuru yubuso butambitse ishyirwa hejuru yubutumburuke muburyo bwa L-buringaniye.Mugihe mugihe cyo gusudira, mugihe mugihe cyo gusudira, ibipapuro byombi bigomba gusudwa bishyira kumurongo umwe (Vertical).

Ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma

Kubukwe butajegajega kandi bukomeye, hagomba gutekerezwa ibintu bitandukanye.Reka dusuzume bimwe mubintu byingenzi muburyo burambuye;

1.          Uzuza ibikoresho

Toranya uwuzuza ubushobozi bwo gukumira amaherezo kwangirika no kubora.Kandi, wibuke ko inkoni yuzuza igomba kuba yoroheje kuruta uburebure bwicyuma.Kurugero, inkoni yuzuza igomba kuba iri hagati ya 0.7 na 1 mm niba uteganya gusudira ibyuma bifite uburebure bwa mm 1.5.

2.          Ingano ya electrode

Ingano ya electrode igomba guhitamo hashingiwe ku bushyuhe (amashanyarazi) bwakoreshejwe hamwe n’urwego rwo gusudira rusabwa.Kurugero, electrode ifite umurambararo wa santimetero 0,125 ikora neza mugusudira kugufi hamwe nubushyuhe buke.

3.          Impamba ku rupapuro rwakazi

Gukoresha clamp kugirango uhindure umwanya wo gusudira ningirakamaro kugirango ugere kubudozi buhamye n'imbaraga.Byongeye kandi, urupapuro rugomba gufatanwa neza kugirango urinde impapuro zakazi guhinduka mugihe cyo gusudira.

Inama zo guhura nibibazo mugihe cyo gusudira

·        Nibyiza gukoresha electrode- yerekanwe kugirango arc na pisine bigabanuke kandi bigenzurwe bishoboka mugihe cyo gusudira ahantu hafunganye hagati yicyuma kuko ibi bituma ubushuhe mubice bikabije.

·        Gerageza gusudira kuri prototypes mbere yo gutangira urupapuro rwo gusudira ibyuma kugirango urebe neza kandi neza.

·        Mugihe ukora gusudira MIG, shyira imbunda yo gusudira munzira igororotse hamwe nihuta ryihuta ryurugendo rushoboka mugihe agace ka arc gashyushye.Bizarinda umunaniro.

·        Irinde gusiga umwobo uwo ariwo wose ahantu ho gusudira kuko bizakora nka pinhole yubushuhe kandi ushishikarize kwibora.

·        Kugira ngo ugabanye ubushyuhe, uzane agace katewe nubushyuhe uhure na chill bar ikozwe mu muringa cyangwa Aluminium.

Umwanzuro

Guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gusudira bushingiye ku rupapuro rw'icyuma n'ibicuruzwa bisabwa ni ngombwa.Nyuma yo guhitamo ubwoko bwo gusudira, ibintu byinshi, birimo ingano ya electrode, ibikoresho byuzuza, imyanya ya clamp, nibindi byinshi, bigomba gusuzumwa.Kuri Prolean, dutanga abahangaurupapuro rwo gusudira inama hamwe na serivisikuva mugushushanya ibipimo byo gusudira kugeza gukata laser no gusudira bijyanye nibyo ukeneye.Menyesha injeniyeri wacumu buryo butaziguye.

Ibibazo

Nubuhe buryo bwiza bwo gusudira hamwe na AC & DC zombi?

Uburyo butandukanye bwo gusudira bukora kubwoko bwombi.Ariko, gusudira kwa MIG byaba byiza mugihe ukoresheje amasoko yombi AC & DC.

Ni ubuhe bwoko busanzwe bwo gusudira ku mabati?

Hariho uburyo butanu busanzwe bwo gusudira kumpapuro zicyuma, harimo TIG, MIG, Stick, Laser beam & plasma welding.

Ni ubuhe burebure bugarukira ku gusudira ibyuma?

O.8 mm nuburebure bwo hasi bwurugero rwo gusudira ibyuma.Ariko, niba ukeneye gusudira impapuro ziri munsi yibyo, urashobora gukoresha MIG gusudira hamwe na MIG yo gusudira, ariko menya neza ko inama ya electrode ityaye cyane.

Nibihe bintu byingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ukora ibikorwa byo gusudira?

Ingano ya Electrode & Filler ingano, ubunini bwurupapuro rwakazi, ushyizwe mubushuhe, umwanya wa clamp, numutekano nibyo bisabwa cyane.