I-Passivation – Inqubo Yokwelapha Engaphezulu

I-Passivation – Inqubo Yokwelapha Engaphezulu

Isibuyekezo sokugcina 08/29, isikhathi sokufunda:5mins

Izingxenye ngemva kwenqubo yokudlula

Enye yezinselelo ezibucayi zama-metallurgists, ukuvikela impahla ekugqwaleni kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukungcola kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezifana nomshini, ukwakhiwa, nokushisela kudala imfucumfucu, okufakiwe, ama-oxide ensimbi, namakhemikhali, amafutha kanye namafutha.Ngalokhu, lapho zivezwe emoyeni nasemanzini, izinsimbi eziningi zisengozini yokugqwala.Lokhu kuzobangela ingxenye yensimbi ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi kungase kube nomthelela olimazayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza noma ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina komkhiqizo.Ngakho, kunesidingo sokuvikela ingxenye yensimbi kulokhu kungcola nokugqwala.Enye inqubo enjaloi-metal passivation, inqubo yokuhlinzeka ngongqimba lwe-oxide oluncane nolunyeukwengeza ukumelana nokugqwala, ukunweba ingxenye yokuphila, ukususa ukungcoliswa kwendawo, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokungcoliswa kwengxenye nokwelula izikhawu zokulungisa uhlelo.

Isebenza kanjani?

Ukuze kuvikelwe ama-alloys ensimbi ahlukene ekugqwaleni, umkhuba wokuqeda amakhemikhali ezimbonini usetshenziswa kabanzi njengenqubo yokwenziwa ngemva kokwenziwa eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Passivation.Kule nqubo, ama-oxidants athambile njenge-nitric ne-citric acid ngokuvamile asetshenziswa.I-exogenetic free iron, sulphides kanye nezinye izinhlayiya zangaphandle ezivela phezulu zingasuswa yilawa ma-acids futhi zenze ungqimba lwe-oxide noma ifilimu ezosebenza njengesivikelo sokuzivikela.Lokhu kunciphisa amathuba okuthi kuzoba khona ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwezinto ezisansimbi nomoya, okunikeza isivikelo esingaphezulu ekugqwaleni ngaphandle kokushintsha ukubukeka kwayo.Ingxenye ebalulekile yale nqubo ukuthi i-asidi akufanele ithinte insimbi ngokwayo.

Izinyathelo Zenqubo Yokudlula

Ikakhulukazi kunezinyathelo ezintathu enqubweni yokudlula, ezodala ungqimba oluphelele lwe-oxide oluncane oluphelele endaweni eyinsimbi.

Isinyathelo 1: Ukuhlanza Ingxenye

Ukuhlanza ingxenye yensimbi okungukuthi, ukususa noma yimaphi amafutha angaphezulu, amakhemikhali noma imfucumfucu esele emishinini kuyisiqalo senqubo yokudlula.Ukuhlanza ingxenye kubeka indima ebalulekile kule nqubo, ngaphandle kwalesi sinyathelo, izinto zangaphandle ezingaphezulu kwensimbi zizokhawulela ukusebenza kwe-passivation.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukucwiliswa Kokugeza Nge-Acid

Ukuze ususe noma yiziphi izinhlayiya zensimbi zamahhala endaweni, ukucwiliswa kwengxenye kubhavu we-asidi kulandela ngemva kwesinyathelo sokuhlanza.Kunezindlela ezintathu ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswa kulesi sinyathelo senqubo

Isinyathelo sesi-3:I-Nitric Acid Bath

Indlela yendabuko yokunciphisa i-Nitric acid, esabalalisa kabusha ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana obuso bensimbi ngempumelelo kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa njengezinto eziyingozi, i-nitric acid inezithiyo ezithile.Ikhipha amagesi anobuthi ayingozi endaweni ezungezile futhi ingase idinge isikhathi eside sokucubungula ngokuphathwa okukhethekile.

Isinyathelo sesi-4:I-Nitric Acid ene-Sodium Dichromate Bath

Ukufakwa kwe-sodium dichromate ku-nitric acid kuqinisa inqubo yokudlula ngama-alloys athile.Le ndlela iyindlela engavamile, njengoba i-sodium dichromate ikhulisa izingozi zokugeza i-nitric acid.

I-Citric Acid Bath

Ukugeza kwe-citric acid kuyindlela ephephile kune-nitric acid yenqubo yokudlula.Ayikhiphi amagesi anobuthi, ayidingi ukuphathwa okukhethekile futhi iyindlela eco-friendly.Inhlanganisela ye-citric acid passivation, ibeka engcupheni ukukhula kwe-organic kanye nesikhunta, okuye kwaba nzima ukuthola ukwamukelwa.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinto ezintsha ziye zaqeda lezi zinkinga, okwenza kube indlela engabizi kakhulu.

Ukubuyisela ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi esimweni sayo sempahla eluhlaza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indlela esetshenzisiwe, le nqubo yokugeza ikhiqiza ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ebusweni bengxenye.Lokhu kuzokwengeza ungqimba oluncane nolufanayo lwefilimu ye-oxide enobukhona be-athomu yensimbi encane-kuya-kungekho.

Izindlela Zokudlula

1.  Ukucwiliswa Kwamathangi:Ingxenye izocwiliswa ethangini elinesisombululo samakhemikhali futhi inenzuzo ekwelapheni zonke izindawo zokwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye ukuze kufanane kokuqeda kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okukhulu.

2. Ukujikeleza:Kutuswa ngokunembile ukuthi kufakwe amapayipi azothwala uketshezi olubolayo, lapho isisombululo samakhemikhali sisakazwa ngohlelo lwamapayipi.

3. Isicelo sokufutha:Isixazululo samakhemikhali sifafazwa phezu kwengxenye.Izinqubo ezifanele zokulahlwa kwe-asidi nezokuphepha zibalulekile kulolu hlobo lwendlela yokusebenza futhi inenzuzo ekwelapheni endaweni.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-gel:Ngokuxubha ama-pastes noma ama-gel endaweni yengxenye, ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngesandla kungafezwa.Inenzuzo ekwelapheni indawo yokushisela nezinye izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga imininingwane yezandla.

Yiziphi izinto ezingenziwa Passivated?

·       I-anodizingi-Aluminium ne-Titanium.

·       Izinto ezisansimbi njengensimbi.

·       Insimbi engagqwali, engaba ne-chrome oxide surface.

·       I-Nickel, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zine-nickel fluoride.

·       I-Silicone, i-Silicone Dioxide esetshenziswa embonini ye-semiconductor.

Izicelo Zenqubo Yokudlula

Ukuze kuqiniswe ukuqina nokuhlala isikhathi eside, izimboni eziningi zisebenzisa izinto abakhiqizi abaqede ngazo ukukhiqiza ngenqubo yokuzijabulisa.

Ezokwelapha:Emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukwehlisa ukungcoliswa okuyingozi kwezinto zokusebenza zezokwelapha, ochwepheshe basebenzisa inqubo ye-passivation.Ungqimba lwe-oxide endaweni engenzi lutho luvikela ezintweni ezingcolisayo ezincane, okuholela endaweni ehlanzekile nebushelelezi okulula ukuyibulala amagciwane.

Ukudla Nesiphuzo:Izidingo zenhlanzeko yizici ezibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi. Ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokugqwala nokugqwala onakalise okokusebenza noma imikhiqizo yokugcina ephathwayo, ukudlula kwezingxenye kubaluleke kakhulu.

Imboni ye-Aerospace:Izingxenye ezingase zidinge i-passivation yizinsimbi ze-Stainless Steel, ama-Actuator, ama-Hydraulic Actuators, ama-Landing gear components, ama-Control rods, ama-Exhaust components ezinjinini ze-jet kanye nama-cockpit fasteners.

Izisetshenziswa Ezisindayo:Ama-Ball Bearings nama-Fasteners

Amasosha:Izibhamu kanye nempahla yezempi

Umkhakha wezamandla:Ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kanye Nokudlulisa

Izinzuzo Nezingozi Zokudlula Inqubo

Izinzuzo

·       Ukususwa kokungcola okusele ngemva komshini

·       Khulisa Ukumelana Nokugqwala

·       Yehliswe ingozi yokungcola phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza

·       Ukusebenza kwengxenye okuthuthukisiwe

·       Isiphetho/ukubukeka okufana nokushelelayo

·       Indawo ecwebezelayo

·       Kulula ukuhlanza indawo

Ububi

·       I-passivation ayisebenzi ekukhumuleni ukungcola ezingxenyeni ezishiselwe.

·       Ngokwe-alloy yensimbi eshiwo, izinga lokushisa kanye nohlobo lokugeza ngamakhemikhali kufanele kugcinwe.Lokhu kuzonyusa izindleko nobunkimbinkimbi benqubo.

·       Ukugeza nge-asidi kungalimaza amanye ama-alloys ensimbi, ane-chromium ephansi kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-nickel.Ngakho-ke, azikwazi ukuguqulwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa mayelana ne-Passivation

1.  Ingabe i-passivation iyafana nokukhetha?

Cha, inqubo ye-Pickling isusa yonke imfucumfucu, i-flux nokunye ukungcola ebusweni bezingxenye ezishiselwe bese izilungiselela ukuba zikwazi ukunyamalala.I-Pickling ayikwazi ukuvikela insimbi ekugqwaleni, ihlanza kuphela indawo ukuze ikwazi ukudlula.

2.  Ingabe i-passivation yenza insimbi engagqwali ifakazele ukugqwala?

Cha, ayikho into efana ne-100% corrosion-proof.Nokho, izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali zinesikhathi eside sokuphila ngenxa yenqubo yokudlula.

3.  Ingabe i-passivation yensimbi engagqwali uyazikhethela?

Cha, i-passivation iyinqubo ebalulekile yezingxenye zensimbi engagqwali.Ingxenye izongenwa kalula ukuhlaselwa isuka ekugqwaleni esikhathini esifushane kakhulu ngaphandle kwenqubo yokudlula.