Passivation – Inkqubo yoNyango olungaphezulu

Passivation – Inkqubo yoNyango olungaphezulu

Uhlaziyo lokugqibela 08/29, ixesha lokufunda: 5mins

Amacandelo emva kwenkqubo yokudlula

Omnye wemiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo ye-metallurgists, kukukhusela izinto eziphathekayo kwi-corrosion kunye naluphi na ungcoliseko lweenkqubo zokuvelisa ezifana ne-machining, i- fabrication, kunye ne-welding idala i-debris, inclusions, i-oxides yensimbi, kunye neekhemikhali, igrisi kunye neoli.Ngezi, xa zisesichengeni somoya namanzi, iintsimbi ezininzi zisesichengeni sokubola.Oku kuya kubangela ukuba inxalenye yesinyithi phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye inokuba nefuthe elitshabalalisayo ngexesha lemveliso okanye ekupheleni kokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.Ngoko ke, kukho imfuneko yokukhusela inxalenye yesinyithi kolu ngcoliseko kunye nokubola.Enye inkqubo enjalopassivation metal, inkqubo yokubonelela ngomgangatho obhityileyo kunye nofanayo we-oxideukongeza ukuxhathisa i-corrosion, ukwandisa ubomi benxalenye, ukususa ukungcoliseka komhlaba, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungcola kwenxalenye kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokugcinwa kwenkqubo.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani?

Ukukhusela i-alloys zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo kwi-corrosion, i-industrial chemical finishing practice isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengenkqubo ye-post-fabrication eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Passivation.Kule nkqubo, ii-oxidants ezithambileyo ezifana ne-nitric kunye ne-citric acid zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.I-exogenetic free iron, i-sulphides kunye nezinye iincinci zangaphandle ezivela kumphezulu zingathatyathwa ngala ma-acids kwaye zenze i-oxide layer okanye ifilimu eya kusebenza njengekhaka elikhuselayo.Oku kunciphisa amathuba okuba kubekho ukusabela kweekhemikhali phakathi kwesixhobo sesinyithi kunye nomoya, nto leyo eboleka umphezulu wokhuseleko ekumdleni ngaphandle kokutshintsha inkangeleko yawo.Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo kukuba i-asidi ayifanele ichaphazele isinyithi ngokwayo.

Amanyathelo eNkqubo yokuPasa

Kukho ubukhulu becala amanyathelo amathathu kwinkqubo yokudlula, eya kudala umaleko obhityileyo kunye nofanayo weoksidi kumphezulu wesinyithi.

Inyathelo 1: Ukucoca icandelo

Ukucoca inxalenye yesinyithi, oko kukuthi, ukususa nayiphi na i-oyile engaphezulu, iikhemikhali okanye inkunkuma eshiyekileyo kumatshini kukuqala kwenkqubo yokudlula.Icandelo lokucoca libeka indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo, ngaphandle kwesi sinyathelo, izinto zangaphandle eziphezu kwesinyithi ziya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-passivation.

Inyathelo 2: Ukuntywiliselwa kwiBhafu eneasidi

Ukususa naziphi na iincinci zentsimbi zamahhala ukusuka phezulu, ukucwiliswa kwecandelo kwindawo yokuhlamba i-asidi kulandela emva kwesinyathelo sokucoca.Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo kweli nyathelo lenkqubo

Inyathelo lesi-3:Ibhafu ye-Nitric Acid

Indlela yemveli yokudlula i-asidi ye-nitric, ehambisa ngokutsha ubume bemolekyuli bomgangatho wesinyithi ngempumelelo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuhlelwa kwayo njengezinto ezinobungozi, i-nitric acid ineengxaki ezithile.Ikhupha iigesi eziyityhefu ezinobungozi kokusingqongileyo kwaye inokufuna ixesha elide lokusetyenzwa kunye nokuphathwa okukhethekileyo.

Inyathelo lesi-4:Iasidi yeNitric eneBhafu yeSodium Dichromate

Ukudityaniswa kwe-sodium dichromate kwi-asidi ye-nitric kuqinisa inkqubo yokugqithisa kunye nezinye i-alloys ezithile.Le ndlela yindlela engaqhelekanga, njengoko i-sodium dichromate ikhulisa iingozi ze-nitric acid yokuhlamba.

Ibhafu yeCitric Acid

Ibhafu ye-citric acid yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo ye-nitric acid kwinkqubo yokudlula.Ayikhuphi naziphi na iigesi ezinetyhefu, ayifuni naluphi na ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo kwaye ikwayindlela eco-friendly.Iikhompawundi ze-citric acid passivation, zisengozini yokukhula kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokubumba, apho kuye kwanzima ukufumana ukwamkelwa.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kuye kwaphelisa ezi ngxaki, okwenza kube yindlela yokunciphisa iindleko.

Ukubuyisela ukuxhathisa ukubola kwesinyithi kwimeko yayo yezinto eziluhlaza, kungakhathaliseki indlela esetyenzisiweyo, le nkqubo yokuhlamba ivelisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali kumphezulu wecandelo.Oku kuya kongeza umaleko obhityileyo kunye nofanayo wefilimu ye-oxide kunye nobukho be-iron molecule encinci.

Iindlela zokuPasa

1.  Ukuntywiliselwa kweTanki:Icandelo liza kuntywiliselwa kwitanki enesisombululo sekhemikhali kwaye kunenzuzo ekunyangeni yonke imigangatho eyenziweyo ngexesha elinye ukuze igqibezele kwaye ixhathise ukubola.

2. Ujikelezo:Kucetyiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwimibhobho eza kuthwala ulwelo oludlekayo, apho isisombululo sekhemikhali sijikeleziswa ngenkqubo yombhobho.

3. Ukutshiza isicelo:Isisombululo sekhemikhali sitshizwa kwindawo yecandelo.Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokulahla iasidi kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko zibalulekile kolu hlobo lwendlela yokusebenza kwaye inenzuzo kunyango lwendawo.

4. Ukusetyenziswa kweGel:Ngokuxubha kwi-pastes okanye i-gel kwindawo yecandelo, unyango lwezandla lunokufezekiswa.Inenzuzo yonyango lwamabala e-welds kunye nezinye iindawo ezintsonkothileyo ezifuna iinkcukacha ngesandla.

Zeziphi izinto ezinokuthi zigqithiswe?

·       AnodizingyeAluminiyam kunye neTitanium.

·       Izinto zentsimbi ezifana nentsimbi.

·       Insimbi engenasici, enokuthi ibe ne-chrome oxide surface.

·       Nickel, ezinye izicelo zine-nickel fluoride.

·       I-Silicone, i-Silicone Dioxide esetyenziswa kwishishini le-semiconductor.

Usetyenziso lweNkqubo yokuPasa

Ukomelezwa kokuqina kunye nobomi obude, uluhlu lwemizi-mveliso lufumana imali eninzi kumacandelo abavelisi abawugqibileyo ukuvelisa ngenkqubo yokwenziwa.

Ezonyango:Kwicandelo lezempilo, ukunciphisa ungcoliseko oluyingozi kwizixhobo zonyango, iingcali zisebenzisa inkqubo yokupasa.Umaleko weoksidi kumphezulu ongenziwayo ukhusela kwizingcoliso ezincinci, ezikhokelela kwindawo ecocekileyo negudileyo ekulula ukuyicolisa.

Ukutya kunye nesiselo:Iimfuno zococeko zizinto ezibalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-corrosion kunye ne-rust compesting izixhobo okanye iimveliso zokugqibela eziphathwayo, ukugqithiswa kwamacandelo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ishishini le-Aerospace:Amacandelo anokufuna i-passivation ngamacandelo e-Stainless Steel, i-Actuator, i-Hydraulic Actuators, i-Landing gear components, i-Control rods, i-Exhaust components kwii-jet fasteners kunye ne-Cockpit fasteners.

Izixhobo eziNzima:Iintsimbi zeBhola kunye neeFasteners

uMkhosi:Imipu kunye nezixhobo zoMkhosi

Icandelo lezaMandla:Ukusasazwa kwamandla kunye noThutho

IiPros and Cons of Passivating Process

IiPros

·       Ukususwa kongcoliseko olushiyekileyo emva komatshini

·       Yandisa uKunyangwa koMhlwa

·       Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungcola ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa

·       Umsebenzi ophuculweyo wecandelo

·       Ukugqiba / ukubonakala okufanayo kunye nokugudileyo

·       Umphezulu ocwebezelayo

·       Kulula ukucoca umphezulu

Ububi

·       I-passivation ayisebenzi ekuhlubeni ukungcola kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo.

·       Ngokwe-alloy yensimbi echaziweyo, ubushushu kunye nohlobo lokuhlambela kweekhemikhali kufuneka kugcinwe.Oku kuya kwandisa iindleko kunye nobunzima benkqubo.

·       Ibhafu ye-asidi inokonakalisa ezinye iialloys zetsimbi, ezine-chromium ephantsi kunye nomxholo we-nickel.Ngoko ke, azinakuguqulwa.

Ii-FAQs malunga nePassivation

1.  Ngaba i-passivation iyafana nokuchola?

Hayi, inkqubo yokuPickling isusa yonke inkunkuma, i-flux kunye nezinye izingcolisi ukusuka kumphezulu weendawo ezidityanisiweyo kwaye zilungele ukudlula.I-Pickling ayikwazi ukukhusela intsimbi kwi-corrosion, ihlambulula kuphela indawo yokugqithisa.

2.  Ngaba i-passivation yenza intsimbi engatyiwayo ibubungqina bomhlwa?

Hayi, akukho nto ifana ne-100% ye-corrosion-proof.Nangona kunjalo, iinxalenye zensimbi ezingenasici zinobomi obude obukhethekileyo ngenxa yenkqubo yokudlula.

3.  Ngaba i-passivation yensimbi engenasici iyakhethwa?

Hayi, i-passivation yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kumacandelo ensimbi engenasici.Icandelo liya kuba sengozini yokuhlaselwa kwi-corrosion ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokudlula.