Ngaba i-CNC yenza umatshini ngexabiso eliphantsi kwiimilo ezinzima Ultimate guide 2022

Kweli nqaku, ngokusekwe kwiziseko zoomatshini, siya kwazisa iingongoma zeendleko ezisebenza ngoomatshini abaqalayo abaqulunqi bomatshini bavame ukuwela kuzo.

CNC milling Punching

Makhe ndikuxelele ngecandelo onokuthi wenze ngalo izinto ngexabiso eliphantsi ngokusika.Xa ucinga ngomatshini, unokuba nomfanekiso wazo zonke iindawo ezirhabaxa, ezingaphiliyo kwiimveliso zemizi-mveliso, kodwa eneneni, unokudala iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemilo, ezinje ngokujija imiphezulu egobileyo.

CNC Machining iinxalenye

Ngeli xesha, siza kwazisa ezahlukeneyo "iimilo ezimangalisayo" ngelixa sazisa inkqubo yokuqonda iimilo ezintsonkothileyo ngokusika ngolawulo lwangoku lwekhompyuter.

Yintoni inkqubo ye-NC?

Nangona sele kukhankanyiwe amaxesha amaninzi, ukusika yinkqubo apho iblade ejikelezayo icinezelwa kwisixhobo ecaleni kwendlela ebekiweyo ukuyikhuhla kwaye isuse iindawo ezingeyomfuneko.

　Ke ithetha ukuthini "indlela eseti"?

Ndiyishiyile ibinzana elingacacanga ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kodwa liyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokusikwa, ke ndiza kuyicacisa ngeenkcukacha ezincinci.

Masizibeke ecaleni izixhobo zoomatshini ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi “eziqhutywa ngesandla” njengabasiki benjongo ngokubanzi okwangoku, kwaye sithethe ngento ebizwa ngokuba “zisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo” izixhobo zoomatshini be-NC abafana nabasiki be-NC kunye namaziko omatshini.

Kuloo matshini, iincakuba ezisike izinto eziphathekayo zishukunyiswa lulwimi lomyalelo kumatshini.Xa ufaka umyalelo othi "Hambisa isiphelo sokusila kule ndawo" kumatshini, umatshini uhamba ngokuzenzekelayo ngokomyalelo.Indawo yokusila ichazwa ngexabiso ngalinye lamanani ka-X, Y kunye no-Z. Umatshini uqhubela phambili ngokuhambisa la maxabiso..ngokwenkqubo.

Yintoni i-NC yokusika umsiki?

Uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-NC yokusila umsiki

I-"NC" kwi-NC milling cutter imele "uLawulo lwamanani".”X” “licala elithe tye”, “Y” “licala elingasemva naphambili”, kwaye “Z” “licala elithe nkqo”.Ngokufaka ngokuqhubekayo "indawo elandelayo yokuhamba", kuyenzeka ukuhambisa ilitye lesiphelo ngokuzoba iigophe ezigudileyo kunye neendlela ezintsonkothileyo.

Ngokwahlukileyo, umatshini usebenza kuphela ngokwemiyalelo yokufaka.Ubume bokugqibela buxhomekeke kwigalelo lenkqubo yeNC.Ngaphambi kophuhliso lweekhompyuter, kubonakala ngathi iinkqubo zeNC zagxivizwa kwiiteyiphu ezikhethekileyo zephepha kwaye zadlula ngomatshini ukuze zifunde.Oku kubonakala ngathi sisizathu sokuba amagqala eengcibi abhekisele kwiinkqubo zeNC njenge "tapes."

Iiprogram ze-NC kwiikhasethi zephepha ezikhethekileyo

Okwangoku, siphatha iinkqubo zeNC njengedatha yekhompyuter.Inkqubo ye-NC igcinwa njengedatha kwimemori yomatshini, kwaye ngelixa ifunda umgca ngomgca njengemiyalelo, isebenza ngokwemixholo yemiyalelo.

Ulungelelwaniso lweNkqubo yeNC

Inkqubo ye-NC inesiseko esiqhelekileyo saso nasiphi na isixhobo somatshini."Inxalenye elawula ukuhamba komatshini" njengokuthi "ikhowudi ye-G" okanye "ikhowudi ye-M" ejikeleza i-spindle okanye etshintsha isantya sentshukumo, kunye "nendawo yokuphela kwencam yencam" njengoko i-X, Y, Z idibanisa ixabiso layo. iqulathe indibaniselwano yenxenye enika ixabiso lomyalelo.

Ukusika kwangoku kusetyenziswa iikhomputha: CAD/CAM

Iinkqubo ezilula zeNC ezinje “ngokomba nje umngxuma” okanye “ukuhambisa nje iblade kumgca othe ngqo” zinokudalwa lula, kodwa iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zeNC ezifana “nokusika umphezulu ogobileyo” zifuna ingqondo yenjineli.Idlula kwinqanaba lokucinga kunye nokuchwetheza ngesandla.

Inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-CAD/CAM iqala ukusebenza kwiimeko ezinjalo.”CAD/CAM” lu “Yilo oluNcedisa kwiKhompyutha” kunye “noKuveliswa koNcedo lweKhompyutha”, ngoko ke ligama eliqhelekileyo “lokuyila nokuvelisa kusetyenziswa iikhompyutha”.

Okwangoku, ngengqiqo emxinwa, iCAD ibhekisa kwisoftware eyenza imizobo kunye nemodeli ye-3D kwikhompyuter, kwaye iCAM ibhekisa kwisoftware eyenza.Iinkqubo zeNCusebenzisa idatha yeCAD.Kwanokudala iinkqubo zeNC ezintsonkothileyo kufuna uncedo lwekhompyuter.Enye isoftware inemisebenzi yeCAD kunye neCAM, kwaye kukho isoftware enemisebenzi ezimeleyo.

Misela iNkqubo efanelekileyo yoMatshini

I-CAD igutyungelwe ngokweenkcukacha kwiisayithi ezahlukeneyo, ngoko apha ndiya kuchaza ngeenkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga ne-CAM, apho abaqulunqi abasoloko beyazi.Kwinkqubo yokudala iprogram ye-NC usebenzisa i-CAM, kuyimfuneko ukugqiba inkqubo efanelekileyo, uhlobo lwe-mill yokuphela, kunye neemeko ze-machining ezisekelwe kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuma kwe-workpiece, kunye nokuzifaka njengolwazi.

Kukho iinketho ezingenakubalwa ezinokuthi zithathwe ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto kunye nokumila kwezinto, umyalelo wokuseta, njl. Uhlobo luni lwezicwangciso zokwenza kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumava kunye nengqiqo yenjineli.

Ngokomzekelo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulungisa izinto.Iyakwazi ukunyanzeliswa nge-precision mechanical vise, ilungiswe ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-jig, igxininiswe nge-screw, njl. Kukho iinketho ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeka kwimilo kunye nenkqubo.Kufuneka imiselwe ngokwee-setups kunye neentlobo zee-end Mills kwaye ziguqulelwe kwiiprogram ze-NC.

Ukusetyenziswa kweEnd Mills ekusikeni imiphezulu egobileyo

Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zoomatshini bokuphela, njengeengqungqa zebhola ezilungele ukusika imiphezulu egobileyo eneziphelo ezingqukuva, iingqukuva ezisicaba ezilungele ukusika imiphezulu ethe tye, kunye nokugrumba imingxuma yokwemba.

iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusila

Uhlobo ngalunye lwahlulwe ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobubanzi, inani leencakuba, kunye nobude obusebenzayo bencakuba.Seta ukuba luhlobo luni lwendlela yomatshini kwaye luhlobo luniumatshiniiimeko zokusebenzisa isiphelo ngasinye sokusila.

Nkqu ii-end Mills azikhawulelwanga kudidi olunye kwisetingi enye.Kunoko, akuqhelekanga ukusebenzisa iindidi ezininzi.Emva koko iiparamitha zokuseta zibe nkulu.

Zeziphi iimeko zobuchwephesha bokwenza iindawo ezintsonkothileyo ezinexabiso eliphantsi?

Iimeko zokutshiza ziquka inani lokujikeleza kwe-spindle, isantya sokunyakaza, kunye nobuninzi bezinto eziza kususwa.Kukho indibaniselwano eyona ilungileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimilo yokusila yokuphela, imathiriyeli, kunye nezinto eziphathekayo.Umbuzo ngowokuba ungayifumana njani indibaniselwano eyona nto ifanelekileyo, ukuthintela ukunxitywa kwelitye lokugqibela, kwaye unciphise ixesha lomatshini.

Injineli ye-NC ebalaseleyo yenza inkqubo ye-NC ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu phantsi kweemeko zokusika ezibangela ukuxoxa.Ngelixa ndithathela ingqalelo iimeko ezicetyiswayo zomenzi weblade kunye namava am adlulileyo, ndibeka umfanekiso wemeko yokucubungula entloko yam.

Xa ndicinga ngezandi kunye nokungcangcazela kwemifanekiso ekroliweyo entlokweni yam, ndiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wezinto ezinje, "Le meko ikhawuleza kakhulu," okanye "Ndiyazibuza ukuba ndingakwazi ukusika kancinci."Yinto kanye inxalenye yobungcali.Olu luhlu lweenkqubo kunye neenkqubo ze-NC zinokusika ixesha lomatshini kwisiqingatha okanye kwikota.

Ngoku, makhe sijonge eminye imizekelo yendlela iCAD/CAM enokuthi isetyenziswe ngayo ukwenza iinkqubo zeNC ebekunokwenzeka ukuba zingenzeki kwaye zenze iimilo ezintsokothileyo kunokuba unokucinga.

Ummeli we-5-axis machining: impeller

Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wenxalenye enokuthi iphunyezwe kuphela yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-simultaneous 5-axis machining yi "impeller" esetyenziswa kwii-automotive turbocharger.

Ngaphandle kwe-CAD/CAM, inkqubo yeNC yokusika iindawo ezintsonkothileyo zale impeller ayinakwenzeka.Kungenxa yokuba imile njengeqhuma le-undercut.

Ukulungiswa kwe-5-axis ngexesha elifanayo kunokufezekiswa kuphela ngokunyakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi kwendawo yetafile (i-A-axis, i-B-axis) apho i-axis ibekwe khona kunye neengcingo zokuphela (X, Y, Z) zidibene.

Umzobo wangoku: i-3D Modeling

Logama nje unemodeli ye-3D, unokwenza i-semi-automatically ukuvelisa idatha ye-NC yokusika imilo ngeCAM.Ngoko ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele zonke iimilo ezithathu, kubandakanywa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo enjengemifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nemifanekiso.Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ikona R kunye ne-undercut endiye ndazisa ngoku.

Ubume bunokuphinda buveliswe ngokuthembekileyo kwimodeli ye-3D.Abanye babathengi bethu bacinga ukusika abalinganiswa abadumileyo ngokwenza kwaye bathengise njengezinto zodidi oluphezulu.

Yenza umsebenzi wokusika uqheleke ngakumbi!

Amalungu omatshini afika kwiimilo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukumila, kunokwenziwa ngoomatshini nje ukuba ikona R kunye ne-undercut ihoywe.

Unokucinga ukuba ukuphosa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuvelisa ubunzima obuntsonkothileyo, kodwa zininzi izinto eziluncedo kumatshini.I-Porosity, evame ukuba yingxaki ekubunjweni, inokuphetshwa, kwaye ekubeni akukho mfuneko yokuvelisa i-molds, iindleko zokuqala zingancitshiswa, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kunokunciphisa.

Isishwankathelo

Ndingavuya ukuba ungagcina usebenziso lokusika engqondweni nakwiindawo eziveliswe ngobuninzi.Ixabiso elipheleleyo liphantsi ngokumangalisayo, kwaye kukho inzuzo yokukwazi ukuphendula ngokuguquguqukayo kwiinguqu zoyilo.

Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liza kukunceda uzive uqhelene ngakumbi nomatshini kunye nokwandisa i-horizons yakho yoyilo.