Urupapuro rw'icyuma rugoramye Igishushanyo Cyibanze

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Urupapuro rw'icyuma rugoramye ni iki?
Urupapuro rw'ibikoresho byo kugonda
Ubwoko bw'urupapuro rwunamye
Urupapuro rw'icyuma cyo kugoboka amafaranga n'ubuhanga bwo kubara

1 Icyuma kigoramye ni iki?

Kwunama ni uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu kandi ni bumwe mu buryo butatu bukoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma;andi abiri arimo gukata no gufatanya.Urupapuro rwicyuma rwo guhimba inzira ni inzira yo gukora ibyuma mubice bitatu ukoresheje ibikoresho byumuvuduko kandi bipfa bidasanzwe.Bitewe nibikoresho bitandukanye, ubunini, uburebure n'ubugari bw'icyuma cy'urupapuro kimwe n'imiterere itandukanye hamwe na mfuruka, toni nubunini bwibikoresho byingutu imashini zunama ziratandukanye, kimwe n'uburebure, imiterere na V- ingano ya amplitude yo hejuru no hepfo ipfa, kandi imiterere yihariye yo gupfa iratandukanye.Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa muguhindura ibice byamabati muburyo bwa V, U-shusho cyangwa ahantu.

2 Ibikoresho byo kugonda ibyuma

Ibikoresho by'ingenzi byerekana ibyuma ni feri, biza muburyo butandukanye.

- A ferini imashini yoroheje igoramye - na feri ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa - ifata urupapuro rwicyuma hejuru yuburinganire hanyuma igakoresha imbaraga binyuze mukugenda kwimuka yimuka kugirango ikore igororotse cyangwa ibice byoroshye.

- Imashini yunamani ubwoko bwimashini yunama ikoresha punch igenda kandi ipfa gupfa.Muri ubu buryo, urupapuro rwurupapuro rushyirwa ku rupfu kandi igikuba gihatirwa kwimukira mu cyuma, kigahatira gupfa.Ukurikije imiterere yurupfu, imashini zunama zirashobora gukoreshwa mugukora V-kugonda, U-kugonda nubundi buryo.

- Agasanduku ka feri(bizwi kandi nka feri y'urutoki) nubundi bwoko bwimashini yunama ikoresha umurongo wicyuma "intoki" kugirango ikore imigozi myinshi yihariye.Nkuko izina ribivuga, agasanduku ka feri gakoreshwa muburyo bwo gukora udusanduku twinshi.

- Imashini izingani ntoya kandi yoroshye imashini igoramye hamwe nigitoki gifata urupapuro rwicyuma hanyuma rukagunama mukigenda kimwe.

Ubwoko 3 bwurupapuro rwunamye

Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwimpapuro zunamye zikoreshwa kugirango tugere ku ntego zitandukanye muburyo butandukanye.Uburyo butatu muri ubwo buryo bwo kugoreka (kuguruka mu kirere, gutobora no guhunika) Uburyo bwo kugonda ibyuma burasa burasa nuburyo intego yabo nyamukuru ari uguhindura imiterere yicyuma muburyo bwifuzwa.Ariko, baratandukanye mubikorwa byabo.Gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo kugorora ibyuma bisaba gusobanukirwa ibintu nkubunini bwibintu, ibipimo byunamye, urupapuro rwerekana ibyuma byerekana kandi bigamije gukoresha uburyo.

 1) Kunama mu kirere

Kwunama mu kirere ni uburyo bwo kugunama aho punch ikanda icyuma mu rupfu, ariko ntikiri kure cyane ku buryo ikora ku rukuta rw'urupfu.

Ubu buryo ntabwo busobanutse neza nkubundi, ariko buroroshye guhinduka: burashobora gukoreshwa mugukora V, U nubundi buryo bwo kugunama.Ibi ni bimwe kubera ko geometrie ipfa idakenera guhuza neza nu rupapuro rwifuzwa rwifuzwa, kubera ko ntaho bihurira hagati yimiterere yombi.

2) Hasi

Hasi nubundi buryo bwo kunama.Mugihe cyo kunama, punch ikanda urupapuro rwurupapuro rwose mu rupfu, bigakora umugozi uhuye na geometrie imbere yurupfu.Byakoreshejwe mugukora V.

3) Igiceri

Igiceri nubwoko buhenze cyane bwo kugunama aho punch yamanuwe hamwe nimbaraga nini mumpapuro zipfa hanyuma bikavamo, bikavamo guhinduka burundu hamwe no gusubira inyuma.

4) Ububiko

Ububiko burashobora gukorwa kumashini nka feri ya gable cyangwa imashini zifunga inkoni.Urupapuro rw'icyuma rushyizwe mu mwanya mbere yuko urumuri rufunga ruzamurwa kugira ngo rugore icyuma kizengurutse umwirondoro.Ububiko bugera kuri V-bugoramye kandi butanga inguni nziza cyangwa mbi.

5) Guhanagura

Guhanagura (cyangwa guhanagura cyangwa guhanagura-guhanagura) nubundi buryo bwo kugonda bukoreshwa kumashini nka feri ya gable hamwe nimashini zifunga ibyuma (mubihe bimwe na bimwe imashini zunama).Nibyihuta kuruta kuzinga, ariko birashobora kwangiza byinshi kumpapuro yicyuma.

6) Kuzunguruka

Bitewe nimashini zikoreshwa, kugoreka kuzunguruka birashoboka ko aribwo buryo bwihariye bwo gutondeka ibyuma.Sisitemu yo kugoreka imizingo ifite ibizunguruka bitatu bya silindrike bihinduranya urupapuro muburyo bugoramye, bityo birashobora gukoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro, imiyoboro nibindi bice bizengurutse.

7) Kwunama kwa Joggle

Joggle yunamye (rimwe na rimwe bita dimple bending) nuburyo bwo kunama ukoresheje imashini igoramye igereranya kugorama neza (nkibyakozwe no kugoreka).Mugukora uduce duto duto duto twa V dukurikiranye, Joggle yunamye irashobora kubyara imigozi isa nu murongo.

4Urupapuro rw'icyuma cyo kugoboka amafaranga n'ubuhanga bwo kubara

 1) Amafaranga yo Kuringaniza Amabati

Iyo urupapuro rwicyuma rugoramye, hanze yunamye irambuye bityo ibipimo byayo bigahinduka.Ibi bivuze, kurugero, uburebure bwuzuye bwamaguru abiri ya V-bend bizaba birebire kurenza uburebure bwumwimerere bwurupapuro.

Noneho, niba ibipimo bihinduka, nigute dushobora gutegura neza igice kugirango tumenye ko gihuye nibindi bice?Nigute dushobora guhitamo igihe urupapuro ruringaniye rw'icyuma rugomba kuba rurerure?Kugirango twishyure impinduka zingana, tugomba gutekereza kumafaranga yo kugunama: itandukaniro riri hagati yuburebure bwisahani idafunguye hamwe numubare wuburebure bwa buri kuguru kwicyiciro cyarangiye.

 2) Urupapuro rwicyuma rufungura kubara

Amafaranga yo kunama.Urupapuro rw'icyuma rugizwe rufite ibipimo bitatu: ibipimo bibiri bya kontour n'ubunini bumwe, kandi ibipimo byombi bisobanurwa nka L1 na L2, naho uburebure bwa T. L1 + L2 bugomba kuba bunini kuruta uburebure butagaragara L. The itandukaniro hagati yabo ni amafaranga yo kugunama, asobanurwa nka K. Noneho igipimo kitagaragaye cyunamye L = L1 + L2-K.K agaciro ka plaque rusange ikonje ikonje (imiterere: dogere 90 igoramye, igikoresho gisanzwe)

T = 1.0 K = 1.8

T = 1.2 K = 2.1

T = 1.5 K = 2.5

T = 2.0 K = 3.5

T = 2.5 K = 4.3

T = 3.0 K = 5.0

T = 3.5 K = 6.05

T = 4.5 K = 7.0

T = 5.0 K = 8.5

Urugero 1

Urugero 2

Urugero 3

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