Chii chinonzi Kurapa Kupisa uye Zvikamu Zvinobatsirwa Sei Kubva Kwazviri?

Chii chinonzi Kurapa Kupisa uye Zvikamu Zvinobatsirwa Sei Kubva Kwazviri?

Nguva yekuverenga: 5 mins

Fekitori yekurapa kupisa

Pfupiso Yekurapa Kupisa

Kupisa kupisa inzira inoshandisa kudziyisa kwakadzorwa uye kutonhodza kushandura chimiro chekristaro chesimbi nesimbi alloys (senge simbi nealuminium).Nokufamba kwenguva, nzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzakagadzirwa.Zvichienderana nezvinhu uye nzira yekurapa, kurapwa kwekupisa kunogona kupa akawanda mabhenefiti,kusanganisira kuwedzera kuoma, kunatsiridza kupisa kuramba, kuwedzeredzwa ductility, uye simba guru rezvinhu.

Kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vasingazive kuti kupisa kupisa chii, icho chaicho chikamu chakakosha chekugadzira maitiro.Inogona kushandiswa pamatanho akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirwa kwekugadzirisa zvimwe zvinhu zvesimbi kana alloy.Mamwe maindasitiri anocherekedza umo kupisa kurapwa kunoita basa rakakosha zvinosanganisirandege, motokari, hardware(zvakadai semasaha nemasanhu),makomputa, zvitundumuseremusere, zvemauto, uye indasitiri yemafuta negasi.

Kurapa Kupisa Kunoshanda Sei?

Kupisa-Kurapa Kuyerera Chati

Zvakambotaurwa kuti kupisa kupisa ndiko kushandurwa kwechimiro chesimbi nekudzora kudziyisa kana kutonhodza, uye chokwadi kurapwa kwekupisa kunoshanda pamusimboti uyu wakapfava.Kunyangwe kune akawanda marudzi ekurapa kupisa, anotevera maitiro akafanana.Muchidimbu,kupisa kupisa kunoshanda nekudziya simbi, kuibata pane iyo tembiricha, uyezve kuitonhodza ichidzokera pasi.Chikonzero nei zvinhu zvezvikamu zvesimbi zvichishanduka panguva iyi ndezvekuti kupisa kwakanyanya kunoshandura microstructure yesimbi, iyo inoita basa rinokosha mumagetsi ezvinyorwa.

Urefu hwenguva inopisa simbi inonzi “soak nguva“.Kureba kwenguva yekunyura kunoita basa rinokosha muzvinhu zvesimbi, nokuti microstructure yesimbi yakanyoroveswa kwenguva yakareba inoshanduka zvakasiyana neiyo yesimbi yakanyoroveswa kwenguva pfupi.Kune rumwe rutivi, nzira yekutonhora mushure menguva yekunyorova inewo kukanganisa pakuguma kwesimbi.Simbi inogona kutonhodzwa nekukasira, iyo inonzi quenching, kana kuti inogona kutonhodzwa zvishoma nezvishoma muchoto kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro inodiwa inowanikwa.Iko kusanganiswa kwetembiricha yekunyorova, nguva yekunyorova, tembiricha yekutonhora uye nguva yekutonhodza zvese zvinoita basa mukugadzira zvinhu zvinodiwa musimbi kana alloy.

Kupfupisa, iyo yekupisa kurapwa maitiro inoda matanho matatu ekutanga,kudziyisa, kunyorova, uye kutonhora.

The Heat matanho

Iyo microstructure yealloy inoshanduka panguva yekupisa kurapwa.Kupisa kunotevera chimiro chemafuta chaiwo.Panguva ino simbi inogona kuva mumatunhu matatu akasiyana, musanganiswa wemuchina, mhinduro yakasimba, kana musanganiswa wezvose.Nyika imwe neimwe inounza hunhu hwakasiyana uye nyika inogona kuchinjwa nekudziya zvinoenderana nechikamu chedhiyagiramu.

The Soaking Stage

Chinangwa chechikamu chekunyorova ndechekuchengetedza simbi pakupisa kwakakodzera kusvikira chimiro chemukati chaidiwa chiumbwa.Nguva yacho inobva pane zvinodiwa.Semuenzaniso, rudzi rwezvinhu uye ukuru hwechikamu, kana chikamu chekukura chiri chikuru, nguva yakawanda inodiwa.Nheyo yezvikamu zvakawanda inotora nguva yakareba kuti isvike kutonhora kunodiwa.

The Cooling Stage

Munguva yekutonhodza, iwe unofanirwa kutonhodza simbi kumashure kwekamuri tembiricha, asi kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekuita izvi zvichienderana nerudzi rwesimbi.Inogona kuda svikiro inotonhora, gasi, mvura, yakasimba kana musanganiswa wazvo.Chiyero chekutonhodza chinoenderana nesimbi pachayo uye inotonhorera.Nokudaro, sarudzo yaunosarudza mukutonhodza chinhu chinokosha mukushanda kunoda kwesimbi.

Common Heat Treatment Nzira uye Benefits

Kune akawanda maitiro ekupisa kupisa ekusarudza kubva.Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane humwe unhu.Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa nzira dzekurapa kupisa dzinosanganisira:

Kuomesa

Imwe yemhando dzakajairika dzekurapa kupisa,izvi zvinowedzera kuoma kwesimbi kana alloy uye inoita kuti ive shoma.Kazhinji, pakuomeswa kwepasi pasina kuomesesa kunotevera, kunowanzo zivikanwawo se nitriding, kuparadzirwa kwenitrogen pamusoro pearoyi masimbi, zvichiita kuti pave nekuoma kwenzvimbo uye nepakati nyoro pasina kumwe kurapwa.

Tempering

Kudzikamisa inzira yekudzikisa kuomarara kwakanyanya uye brittleness inokonzereswa panguva yekuomeswa.Kushushikana kwemukati kunorerutswawo.Kazhinji, kudzikamisa ndiyo danho rekupedzisira rekuomesa.Ndiyo nzira yekurapa kupisa iyo inobatsira kuvandudza elasticity yesimbi.Iron-based alloys anowanzo kuoma, asi kazhinji akanyanya brittle kune mamwe maapplication.Kupisa kunobatsira kushandura kuoma, brittleness uye ductility yesimbi.Izvi ndezvekuita kuti hurongwa huve nyore.

Annealing

Annealing inopfavisa simbi.Inoita kuti simbi ive yakakodzera kutonhora kushanda uye kuumba.Iyo inowedzerawo machinability, ductility uye kuoma kwemetal.Mukuita zvekuvharisa, simbi inodziiswa pamusoro petembiricha yakakosha uye yozotonhodzwa zvishoma nezvishoma.

Normalizing

Normalizing imwe nzira yeannealing.Inoshandiswa kukubvisa kushushikana kwemukati kunokonzerwa nemaitiro akadai sewelding, casting kana kudzima. Simbi yenguva dzose yakaoma uye yakasimba kudarika simbi yakavharwa.Mukuita uku, simbi inopisa kusvika kune tembiricha 40 ° C yakakwira kupfuura iyo yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha.Muchiitiko ichi, simbi inopisa kusvika 200 ° F, pamusoro pekupisa kwe annealing.Iyo technician inochengetedza simbi pane yakakosha tembiricha kusvika shanduko yaitika.Iyi nzira yekurapa kupisa inoda kutonhora kwemhepo mushure mekupisa.

Semutungamiri mukurapa kupisa, ProLean Hub inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwekupisa-kupisa masevhisi.Zvivakwa zvedu zvinobata zvikamu zvehukuru hwese kune chaiwo zviyero uye zvinounza zvakavimbika, zvinodzokororwa mhedzisiro.Mashandiro edu ekupisa kupisa anotungamirwa nevamwe veakanakisa mainjiniya uye matekiniki muindasitiri, vane ruzivo uye hunyanzvi hwekupa rutsigiro rwakakosha uye kunzwisisa kwechokwadi kwezvinodiwa nevatengi vedu.Unogona kushanyira yeduPeji Yekurapa Kupisakuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, kana iwe unogonataura zvakananga nemumwe wemainjiniya edu.