I-Electro-less nickel plating: Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi
Uhlaziyo lokugqibela 08/31, ixesha lokufunda eliqikelelweyo: 6 mins
Amacandelo ane-Electroless nickel plating
I-Nickel yeyesihlanu eyona ixhaphakileyo yesinyithi emhlabeni, enenkangeleko ekhazimlayo, ukuqina okugqwesileyo, kunye neempawu zokuxhathisa umhlwa, nto leyo eyenza ilungele ukugquma kothintelo kumphezulu wezinye izinto.Ngenxa yoko, i-Nickel lolona khetho lubalaseleyo lokucwenga kwiintsimbi ezahlukeneyo ezinjei-aluminium, intsimbi, ubhedu, i-tungsten, i-polymer, kunye nezinye ezininzi.I-Electroless Nickel platingyinkqubo edumileyo yokufakwa kweekhemikhali kwisisombululo esineNickel, isulfate, iphosphate, kunye ne-carbolic acid.Ezi zisombululo zixutywe kwaye zifudunyezwe ngaphambi kokuba kuqhutyekwe ne-plating.Le nkqubo isetyenziswe kushishino lokuvelisa iminyaka engaphezu kwama-50, ngoko unokucinga ukuba idume kangakananiumphezulu wokugqiba izicelo.
Izisombululo ezisetyenziswa kwi-Electroless Nickel Plating
Kukho izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukufakwa kwe-nickel nge-electroless.Masiziqonde nganye kuzo ngetheyibhile yokufunda ethelekisayo engezantsi;
| SN | Ikhemikhali
| Indima | Imizekelo
|
| 1 | Ityuwa enyibilikayo yenikelo
| Iyancipha kwaye ifakwe kumphezulu wezinto eziza kugqunywa (i-substrate)
| I-NiCl chloride (NiCl₂), iNickel Sulfate (NiSO₄) |
| 2 | Iarhente yokunciphisa
| Ifumana i-oxidized ngokunciphisa i-ion yesinyithi.
| Formaldehyde(CH 2 O ), Hypophosphite
|
| 3 | I-arhente eyinkimbinkimbi
| Phucula umgangatho we-nickel deposition
| I-Fluorides, i-glycinates, i-succinate
|
| 4 | Isizinzi
| Ukuthintela ukubola kwebhafu yokucoca
| Thallium, iCalcium
|
| 5 | Isithinteli
| Lawula i-PH yebhafu yokucwenga ukufumana i-nickel ebhityileyo nefanayo
| I-acetate yesodium, i-sodium hydroxide
|
Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Umgaqo wokusebenza
Apha, i-electro-less ithetha ukuba akukho mbane usetyenziswayo kwinkqubo yokucwenga.Endaweni yoko, i-ejenti yokunciphisa inikezela nge-electron yokunciphisa i-ion yensimbi, okukhokelela kumandla aphezulu okuphosa.I-nickel ion (2e +) kwisisombululo, ngelixa isabela nge-agent yokunciphisa (2e-), ifake i-Nickel ebusweni be-substrate.
Ni2+(ukusuka kwisisombululo setyuwa ye-nickel) +2e- (ukusuka kwi-arhente yokuNciphisa) = Ni (kwi-substrate surface)
Amanyathelo e-Electroless Nickel Plating
Inyathelo 1: Ukulungiselela iplating
Inyathelo lokuqala kukucoca iindawo eziza kugqunywa ukuze nakuphi na ukungcoliseka, okunjengothuli, ioli, islags, igrisi, kunye nayo nayiphi na imichiza ephezu komhlaba, ikhukuliswe, ilungiselela eyona nto igqwesileyo yokuncamathelisa i-nickel.Apho kusetyenziswa ii-agent zokucoca ezifana ne-sulfuric acid kunye ne-hydrochloric acid, ihlanjwe ngamanzi adibeneyo kwindawo yokuhlambela eshushu ukuze i-neutralize i-asidi kwaye ithintele ekuthotyweni komhlaba.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Unyango kwibhafu yokubeka
Unyango-isityalo se-electroless nickel plating
Emva kokucoca iindawo kunye nokulungiselela isisombululo sokuhlambela, inkqubo yokucoca ingaqala.Amalungu ngoku antywiliselwa kwibhafu ye-nickel plating eneendleko ezilungileyo.Izinto eziza kugqunywa zitsala iiyoni zenickel ezihlawuliswa ngokufanelekileyo kumphezulu wazo, okukhokelela kumaleko ocolekileyo wokwaleka.Ngenxa yokuba i-electroless nickel plating ayifuni mthombo wombane, iqondo lobushushu lokuhlambela lolona tshintsho luphambili kwinkqubo (70 ukuya kuma-90).0C ikhethwayo).
Ubunzima bomgca we-nickel ogciniweyo buhluka phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-25 microns ngeyure.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba akukho okwangoku kwaye yinkqubo ye-autocatalytic plating, akukho mda onjalo kubunzima;njengoko ixesha lonyango lisanda, kuya kuba njalo nobukhulu bokubekwa.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Emva kokulungiswa
Ngethuba lesigaba sokusebenza, iinqununu eziqhotyoshelweyo kunye neentsalela zisuswa ngokuhlamba nge-asidi, i-alkali, kunye nesisombululo se-surfactant.Emva koko, ukugqiba okongeziweyo, okufana nokupholisa, ukugcoba, kunye nabanye, kusetyenziswe ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno.
Izinto ezinempembelelo kwi-Electroless Nickel Plating
Izinto ezininzi zinempembelelo kwiziphumo ze-nickel electroless plating, ekufuneka ilawulwe ukufezekisa umgangatho ofunekayo wokugqiba umphezulu.
1. Ukungafezeki kumphezulu
I-nickel plating ichatshazelwa kukungafezeki komphezulu okufana ne-burrs, i-slags, kunye nomhlwa owenziwe ngaphambili.Ke olona luvo lungcono kukugcina ezi zinto engqondweni ngelixa ulungisa kwaye ususe iziphene ngenkqubo yokuhlawula.
2. Ukucoceka komphezulu
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ne-nickel plating, uthuli, ioli, okanye iisepha ezenziwe nge-saponification yeoli nge-alkaline cleaner kufuneka isuswe.Ukuba ukucocwa komphezulu akwenziwanga ngokuchanekileyo, umaleko we-Nickel unokuxobuka okanye wonakaliswe emva kwexesha elithile.
3. PH ixabiso
Ukugcina ixabiso le-PH kubalulekile kwi-nickel efanayo yokubeka usebenzisa indlela yombane.Umlinganiselo we-PH kufuneka ube phakathi kwe-3.8 kunye ne-5. Kwisisombululo, kulindeleke ukuba i-pH ithambekele ekuphakameni njengoko ixesha lihamba, ngoko ke izisombululo zokuzinzisa kunye ne-buffer kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukugcina i-PH izinzile kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango.
Njengoko i-PH iphakama, ii-ion ezininzi ze-hydroxide zenziwe, ezidibanisa ne-nickel ions kwaye zenze i-nickel hydroxide, enombala oluhlaza okhanyayo.
4. Uxinzelelo lwe-nickel ion
Isisombululo setyuwa esisetyenziswe kwindawo yonyango ngumthombo we-nickel ion ofakwe kwi-substrate surface.Ngoko ke, ukuba i-ion concentration ye-nickel iphantsi, inkqubo yokucoca iyancipha.Nangona kunjalo, ugxininiso oluphezulu kakhulu lufakwe ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ukubekwa kwayo akuyi kufana.Uluhlu olusemgangathweni lwe-nickel concentration luphakathi20 kunye ne-45 g / l.
5. Ubushushu
Ubushushu bokuhlamba unyango kufuneka bube phakathi70 kunye nama-900C.Njengoko iqondo lobushushu linyuka, ezinye iinxalenye ezinevumba elimnandi zezongezo ziya kuba ngumphunga, zifuna ixesha elingakumbi lokubeka.
Iingenelo
Njengezinye iindlela zokucwenga kunye nokugqiba umphezulu, iadvanteji ephambili zizinto ezigqunyiweyo kwaye iimveliso ziyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa kwaye zimelane neziphumo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo.Kodwa, ngaphandle koko, i-electroless nickel plating ineenzuzo ezininzi ngakumbi.Makhe sijonge ezinye iinzuzo ezibalulekileyo ngokweenkcukacha.
Ixabiso eliphantsi
Enye yeemeko zeendleko kwindlela yokugqiba i-plating yindleko yombane.Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni i-electroless nickel plating ayifuni umthombo wombane, ineendleko ezingaphezulu kunezinye iindlela, ezifana ne-zinc plating.
Ukwaleka okufanayo
I-electroless nickel plating iphumela kwi-uniform yokwambathisa kumphezulu we-substrate.Iqondo lobushushu, ixabiso le-PH lokuhlambela, ukuxinana kwe-nickel ion, ixesha lonyango, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi zinokulawulwa ukufezekisa ubukhulu obufunwayo be-nickel plating.
Ukuhambelana komgangatho
Ngenxa yokuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5-micron plating ubukhulu iyafezekiswa, ayichaphazeli ukunyamezela okufunekayo kwiindawo.
Ukuqina
Umxholo wephosphorous webhafu yokugquma uphembelela ubulukhuni beendawo ezicandiweyo.Amanqanaba e-phosphorus asezantsi onyusa ubulukhuni ngelixa ehlisa ukuxhathisa kokutya komgangatho wokutya.
Ukulungiswa komphezulu omncinci
I-electroless nickel plating ikwanceda ekulungiseni iintanda ezincinci kumphezulu we-substrate.Ke ngoko, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwiiplate nooks, crannies, kunye nezithuba ezingaboniyo ezinobunzima obufanayo.
Ubuhle kunye nezinye izibonelelo
Umbala otyheli-omhlophe we-nickel plating unikezela ngobuhle obunomtsalane kwiipats kunye neemveliso.Ukongeza, ayintsonkothanga kangako.Ayifuni inkqubo entsonkothileyo yokucoca.Kwimeko yanamhlanje, izixhobo ezizenzekelayo ziyafumaneka kwishishini lokuvelisa, okwenza kube lula ukulawula inkqubo.
Usetyenziso
Inkqubo yokubeka i-nickel engena-electro inegalelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo ukwenza amacandelo awo anganyangeki kwaye aqine.Okulandelayo ngamashishini aphambili apho kusetyenziswa i-nickel plating;
| SN | Ishishini | Amalungu asebenzayo | Yenza ntoni? |
| 1 | I-Aerospace | iivalve, iipiston, iishafti ze-injini ezigqume umphezulu, ii-injini zokunyuswa, ii-compressor blades, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zokubhabha. | Inokumelana nokunxiba okugqwesileyo, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukumelana neekhemikhali, kunye nokuthambisa, okubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ze-aerospace ezifuna inqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka ixesha elide. |
| 2 | Iimoto | Iipistoni, iisilinda, iigiya, ishafti, inkqubo yokutofa ngamafutha, iirivethi, ii-thrust transmitters, izikhonkwane zeknuckle, izindlu, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. | Ukubonelela ngokhuseleko lokunxiba kunye nokumelana nomhlwa |
| 3 | Hardware | Izixhobo zegumbi lokuhlambela, i-Doorknob, izibambo zeMibhobho, nokunye okuninzi. | Ukumelana nokubola |
| 4 | EzoMbane kunye nezoMbane | Gubungela izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, Iisinki zobushushu, iidiski zehard drive, iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo | Ukukhuselwa kumhlwa kunye nesichazi sendalo esingqongileyo |
| 5 | I-oyile kunye negesi | Iivalvu, iimpompo, izifakelo zemibhobho, iitanki zokugcina, kunye nezinye | Ukukhuselwa kwi-corrosion kunye nokusingqongileyo kunye nokuvezwa kweekhemikhali. |
Ukuqukumbela
I-electroless nickel plating yindlela eyodwa yokugqiba umphezulu wezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya intsimbi, ubhedu, ubhedu, i-aluminiyam, iplastiki kunye nabanye abaninzi.I-Nickel plating iphucula ukuqina ngokubonelela ngokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo kumphezulu we-substrate.Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba i-Nickel inombala omhlophe ocwebezelayo, inika ubuhle obunomtsalane.Ukongeza, i-plating inokwenziwa okanye ngaphandle kwe-electrolysis, jonga umahluko phakathiI-Electroplating kunye ne-Electro-less plating.
Ngenxa yokuba zininzi iikhemikhali kunye neempendulo eziluncedo kwinkqubo, i-electroless nickel plating inokudideka kubantu abaninzi, ngakumbi abo bangenayo.ulwazi lobuchwephesha lwekhemistri yobunjineli.Nangona kunjalo, aphaProleanHub, iinjineli zethu kunye neechwephesha zisebenze kwitekhnoloji yokugqiba umphezulu, kubandakanya i-electroless nickel plating, ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi.Ke ngoko, baya kukuqonda ukwakheka kweekhemikhali okufanelekileyo kunye nendlela emva kokuba ucacise iimfuno zakho kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Ii-FAQ's
Yintoni i-electroless nickel plating?
Yenye yeendlela zokugqiba umphezulu apho umaleko we-Nickel ufakwa kwi-substrate ngendlela ye-catalytic reaction reaction & ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umbane.
Zeziphi izisombululo ezibini eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kwi-electroless nickel plating?
Isisombululo setyuwa esiqulethe i-nickel ions & i-agent yokunciphisa zimbini izisombululo zeekhemikhali eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo.
Zeziphi ezona mathiriyeli zixhaphakileyo eziqatywe nge-electroless nickel plating?
Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukwambatha intsimbi yealloyi, intsimbi engatyiwa, i-aluminium yobhedu, ubhedu, ubhedu, kunye neeplastiki.
Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela umgangatho we-nickel plating?
Ubushushu kunye ne-PH yokuhlambela, ixesha lokunyanga, ukucoceka kwe-substrate surface, kunye nokugxininiswa kwe-nickel ion kwisisombululo zizinto eziphambili ezichaphazela umphumo we-plating.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2022