Gukuramo Aluminiyumu Byasobanuwe, Igikoresho, Ibiranga Ibikorwa na Porogaramu

Gukuramo Aluminiyumu Byasobanuwe, Igikoresho, Ibiranga Ibikorwa na Porogaramu

Igihe cyo gusoma: 8min

Muri blog yacu iheruka(Gukuramo Aluminium Byasobanuwe, Ibyiza n'ibibi)twasobanuye muri make ibyingenzi byo gukuramo aluminium, uburyo bwo gukuramo, guhitamo ibikoresho, hamwe nibyiza nibibi byo gukuramo aluminium.Kuri ba injeniyeri benshi, gutera inshinge no gutera kashe ni inzira zikunze kugaragara, kandi bike bizwi kubijyanye no gukuramo aluminium cyangwa aluminium.Ariko tubona icyerekezo ko aluminium cyangwa aluminiyumu ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye, kandi ikoreshwa rya aluminiyumu rishobora kugira uruhare rutunguranye mu kugabanya ibiciro no kugabanya ibiro.

Gusa iyo dusobanukiwe byimazeyoinzira, ibikoresho, ibiranga no gushyira mubikorwa bya aluminiyumuhamwe nubundi bumenyi bujyanye nayo, turashobora gushushanya aluminiyumu kugirango tumenye neza kandi igiciro gito cya aluminiyumu, nicyo kintu gikomeye cyane kuri DFM nziza.

Kugirango ubazanire ibisobanuro birambuye kubyerekeranye na aluminiyumu.

Iki gice kizasobanura uburyo bwo gukuramo aluminium uhereye kubintu bitatu:gukuramo aluminiyumu igikoresho cyo gukoraho, ibiranga inzira, hamwe nibisabwa.

1 Aluminiyumu Yapfuye

Nubwo abashakashatsi bashushanya ibicuruzwa badashushanya aluminiyumu ipfa, gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwibanze bwo gukuramo ibicuruzwa hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora imyirondoro itandukanye ishobora gufasha kugabanya ibiciro byurupfu no kuzamura umusaruro wibicuruzwa hakoreshejwe igishushanyo mbonera mugihe cyo gukora ibicuruzwa.

1) Kwiyongera kwa Aluminium Niki

Extrusion ipfa mubyibushye cyane, izenguruka ibyuma birimo uruziga rumwe cyangwa byinshi kugirango bikore umwirondoro wifuza.Mubisanzwe bikozwe mubyuma bya H-13 bipfa kandi bivurwa nubushyuhe kugirango bihangane nigitutu nubushyuhe bwa aluminiyumu ishyushye iyo inyuze mu rupfu.

Aluminiyumu Yongeyeho

Nubwo aluminiyumu isa nkicyuma cyoroshye cyane, bisaba igitutu kinini kugirango usunike ingot ya aluminiyumu ikomeye (bilet) unyuze muri aluminiyumu yoroheje kandi yuzuye bipfa gukora ishusho yifuzwa.

2Ubwoko bwa Extrusion Bupfa

Ukurikije imiterere-karemano ya aluminiyumu, impfu zabo zihuye zigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu:bikomeye birapfa, igice-cyuzuye kirapfa kandi icyuho kirapfa.Muri byo, gupfira ubusa bifite imiterere igoye cyane, byoroshye kwambara no kumeneka, nigiciro kinini.

Gukuramo Aluminium Ikomeye Gupfa 

Kuramo Aluminiyumu Yapfuye

Semi-hollow Aluminiyumu Yongeyeho

3Gukabya Gupfa Ubuzima

Gushyushya ubushyuhe hamwe ningutu zingana (urugero, urukuta ruto, uburebure bwurukuta rutaringaniye, hamwe nibintu bigaragara) biva mubishushanyo mbonera bya aluminium nibyo byica abantu benshi bapfa.

Ubushyuhe hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye burashobora kugenzurwa nuburyo bukwiye bwo gupfa kandi umuvuduko wo gukuramo urashobora kugabanuka kugirango wongere ubuzima, ariko amaherezo apfa agomba gusimburwa.

Mbere yo gushushanya aluminiyumu, ibicuruzwa byubatswe byubaka injeniyeri agomba gusobanukirwa nibishushanyo mbonera bizagira ingaruka cyane kubiciro by ibikoresho.Guhindura igishushanyo mbonera cya aluminiyumu yambukiranya ibice, gushiraho kwihanganira bikwiye no guhitamo ibikoresho byiza bya aluminiyumu irashobora kubika ikiguzi cyo gutunganya aluminiyumu ipfa ikurikije ibisabwa.

2 Ibyiza byo Gukuramo Aluminium

1) Kuramba Kurwanya Aluminium kwangirika, kwangirika nikirere nikimwe mubyiza byingenzi.Aluminium isanzwe irabora kandi irwanya ruswa nta buvuzi bwongeyeho.Ibi biterwa no kuba hari firime yoroheje, isanzwe ibaho irinda aside ya aluminium hejuru yayo.Mugukoresha anodizing, irwanya ruswa irashobora gukomera.

Kurugero, mubidukikije hanze, anodizing irashobora gukorwa kuri microne 25, ibyo bikaba byongera imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa no kurangiza hejuru.Byongeye kandi, aluminium ntisaba kubungabungwa kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nta gutinya ruswa.

2) Umucyo kandi ukomeyeAluminium yoroshye kurenza 33% kuruta ibyuma, mugihe igumana imbaraga zayo nyinshi.Imbaraga zingana zingana za aluminiyumu hafi ya MPa 70-700, mugihe ubucucike ari bibiri bya gatatu bito ugereranije nibyuma.

Abashakashatsi bashushanya ibicuruzwa ntibagomba guhangayikishwa nimbaraga za aluminiyumu yakuweho, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nkibice byubatswe mubikorwa byubwubatsi ndetse no mubikorwa byimodoka,kubikora muburyo bwiza kubindi bikoresho byicyuma.Amavuta ya aluminiyumu arakoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’imodoka kugirango uburemere bworoshye no kugabanya ingufu.

Gukuramo aluminiyumu mu mubiri wa Audi A8 (gukuramo aluminium mubururu)

3) Amashanyarazi mezaAluminium ifite ubushyuhe busa cyane n'umuringa, ariko biroroshye cyane muburemere.Aluminium numuyoboro mwiza wumuriro, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cya aluminiyumu ikwirakwiza ubuso bwubuso bwumuriro no gushiraho imiyoboro yumuriro.Urugero rusanzwe ni mudasobwa ya CPU ikonjesha, aho aluminium ikoreshwa mu gutwara ubushyuhe kure ya CPU.

Umuyoboro wa aluminium

4) Kugaragara nezaeAluminiyumu yakuweho irashobora gusiga irangi, kuyisiga, kuyisiga, no kuyikoresha, igaha injeniyeri uburyo bwagutse bwo guhitamo kuruta ibindi bikoresho.

Ibice by'amabara ya aluminiyumu

5) Urutonde runini rwa porogaramuAhanini igice icyo aricyo cyose gishobora gushirwaho na aluminiyumu, bityo rero ikoreshwa rya aluminiyumu ni nini cyane, injeniyeri zirashobora gushushanya ibice bitandukanye kugirango zuzuze ibisabwa mubidukikije bitandukanye.

Ubwinshi bwimikorere ya aluminium

6) Gutunganya byoroshyeGukuramo aluminiyumu birashobora gukorwa byoroshye, gukata, gutoborwa, gukora imashini, kashe, kugoreka no gusudira kugirango bihuze intego zihariye.

7Time Igihe cyigihe gito nigiciro gito cyo gutunganya urupfu Gukuramo aluminiyumu bifite urupfu rworoshye, igihe gito cyo gutunganya hamwe nigiciro gito.

8) Gukuramo ingaruka no guhindura ibintuMu bwubatsi, aluminiyumu irashobora kurwanya ihindagurika ryatewe nikirere no kugenda.Mu bikoresho byo gutwara abantu, ingufu zishobora kugira imbaraga.Gukuramo aluminiyumu bigumana imbaraga nubworoherane munsi yumutwaro nisoko ituruka ku ngaruka.

Gukuramo aluminiyumu bikoreshwa mu binyabiziga kugirango bikuremo ingufu

9Kurengera ibidukikijeAluminium ni ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije kandi birashobora gukoreshwa byoroshye.

3 Gukoresha inzira yo gukuramo aluminium

Aluminium nicyuma kizaza;ntabwo yangiza ibidukikije gusa, yoroheje, mubisanzwe irwanya ruswa kandi ikomeye, ariko kandi ikora ubushyuhe namashanyarazi neza.Ikoreshwa rya aluminiyumu muri Amerika ryiyongereye ku nshuro ya gatandatu yikurikiranya none rihagarariye hafi kimwe cya kane (22%) ku isoko rusange rya aluminium yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru.

Mugihe inganda zubwubatsi zikomeje kwiganza mugukoresha aluminiyumu, imikoreshereze yinganda yagutse mugihe abajenjeri benshi nabashushanyo biga kubyerekeye ibishushanyo mbonera bitagira umupaka mugihe ukoresheje aluminiyumu.Dore inganda ndwi aho aluminium ifata icyiciro cya mbere:

1) Inganda zindege nindege  Aluminium yagize uruhare rukomeye mu isoko ry’ikirere kuva mu ntangiriro - Moderi yambere ya Wright Brothers yakoresheje ibice bya aluminium muri moteri zabo kugirango igabanye ibiro.Uyu munsi, aluminiyumu igizwe na 75-80% yindege zigezweho kandi akenshi ihitamo imiterere na moteri bitewe nuburemere bwayo bworoshye ariko biramba.Aluminium nayo ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize ibyogajuru byinshi.

2) Inganda zitwara abantuMu nganda zitwara abantu, aho imbaraga zihariye ari ingenzi, gusohora aluminiyumu nibyiza kuri moteri ya moteri, imiyoboro yohereza, imbaho, ibisenge birebire hejuru ya chassis, hamwe n imibiri yimodoka nibigize ibinyabiziga, amato, amakamyo, gari ya moshi hamwe na gari ya moshi.

Inganda zitwara abantu nuwa kabiri mu gukoresha aluminiyumu, kandi iratera imbere.Kuva kuri Ford kugera Audi kugeza Mercedes-Benz, abashinzwe ibinyabiziga n'abashushanya ibintu bagiye bashakisha uburyo bwo gusimbuza ibyuma na aluminiyumu kugirango bongere ingufu za peteroli.Imodoka z'amashanyarazi nazo zirimo gukoresha cyane aluminium.

3) Inganda zubakaBitandukanye nicyuma, aluminiyumu irashobora gukururwa mubishushanyo mbonera kandi bigakorwa kugirango byuzuze ibicuruzwa byubaka, bifasha gutwara imikoreshereze yabyo mubicuruzwa byinshi byubatswe nubucuruzi.Kuva mumadirishya, inzugi, atrium na skylight, kugeza kumurongo, kuri balkoni no mubishushanyo mbonera bitandukanye, abubatsi bahindukirira aluminiyumu kugirango bubake inyubako zicyatsi, zirambye zizahagarara mugihe cyigihe.

4) Inganda zabaguzi Kuva ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu byatangizwa bwa mbere mu mashini zo kumesa no kumisha, byahinduye isoko ry’ibikoresho byo mu rugo, bituma sisitemu yo guhumeka hamwe na firigo bikoresha ingufu kurusha mbere hose.Uyu munsi, ibintu byinshi bya buri munsi, harimo imyitozo ngororamubiri n'ibikoresho by'imyitozo ngororangingo n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu, bikozwe muri aluminiyumu.

5) Inganda za elegitoroniki Gukuramo aluminiyumu bikoreshwa mubikoresho byinshi byamashanyarazi na elegitoroniki.Urebye amashanyarazi adasanzwe hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu byakunze gukoreshwa mumazu ya moteri, ubushyuhe bukabije bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe hamwe namakadiri yimbere.Rimwe na rimwe, amazu yuzuye yuzuye yakozwe muri aluminiyumu, ushobora kuyasanga kuri mudasobwa zigendanwa nyinshi, iphone ya Apple na iPad, hamwe na tereviziyo isobanura cyane.

6) Inganda zimurika Bitewe nubushyuhe bwumuriro wa aluminium, injeniyeri zirashobora gukora urumuri rwuzuye rusohora diode luminaire ishobora kwimura no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugirango ikore neza.Byongeye kandi, gukuramo bipfa kuba bihendutse kandi gukuramo aluminiyumu biroroshye gukata, gushushanya, kugoreka, gutunganya no gushushanya cyangwa gusiga irangi, bigatuma biba byiza kumurika neza.Isesengura ry’inama ya Aluminium Extrusion Council AEC ryagize riti: "ubushobozi bwo gukura bwa aluminiyumu yo gucana amatara ya diode / amazu mu bice byose by’isoko ntaho bigarukira ……"

7) Inganda zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.Iyo bigeze ku mbaraga z'izuba, kwishyiriraho neza no gushiraho imirasire y'izuba ni ingenzi ku bwiza no mu mikorere.Nkuburyo buhendutse bwibindi byuma, gukuramo aluminiyumu bitanga imbaraga zikenewe mukurwanya ibintu bisanzwe (nkurubura n umuyaga) utiriwe wongera uburemere, bigatuma biba byiza kubisenge byubatswe hejuru yinzu hamwe na sisitemu ya Photovoltaque (BIPV).

Prolean itanga ibikoresho byinshi byo gukuramo aluminium, harimo ibyuma na plastiki.Nyamuneka rebaicyitegererezo cyibikoreshodukoresha.Niba ukeneye ibikoresho bitanditswe hano, nyamunekatwandikirenkuko bishoboka ko tuzabasha kubashakira isoko.