Electro-less nickel plating: Nā mea a pau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike

Hoʻohou hope 08/31, manaʻo ʻia ka manawa heluhelu: 6 min

ʻO nā ʻāpana me ka nickel plating Electroless

ʻO Nickel ka lima o ka metala i loaʻa pinepine ʻia ma ka honua, me ka hiʻona ʻālohilohi, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi loa, a me nā waiwai kūʻē i ka corrosion, e lilo ia i mea kūpono no ka uhi pale ʻana ma luna o nā ʻili o nā mea ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka hopena, ʻo Nickel ka koho plating maikaʻi loa no nā metala like ʻolealuminika, kila, keleawe, tungsten, polymer, a he nui hou aku.Electroless Nickel platingHe kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe kemika kaulana mai kahi hopena i loaʻa i ka Nickel, sulfate, phosphate, a me ka waikawa carbolic.Hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻonā a hoʻomehana ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana me ka hoʻopalapala.Ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana i ka ʻoihana hana ma mua o 50 mau makahiki, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ke kaulana o ia meanā noi hoʻopau ʻili.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻonā i loko o ka pā nikela uila ʻole

Aia nā ʻano hoʻonā kemika i hoʻohana ʻia no ka plating nickel electroless.E hoʻomaopopo kākou i kēlā me kēia o lākou ma o ka papa haʻawina hoʻohālikelike ma lalo nei;

Pehea e hana ai?

Kuʻuna hana

Maʻaneʻi, electro-less 'o ia hoʻi,ʻaʻole hoʻohanaʻia kēia manawa i ke kaʻina hana plating.Akā, hāʻawi ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka electron no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ion metala, ka hopena i ka mana hoʻolei kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka nickel ion (2e +) i loko o ka haʻina, ʻoiai e hana ana me ka mea hoʻemi hoʻemi (2e-), e waiho i ka Nickel ma ka ʻili o ka mea pani.

Ni²⁺(mai ka hoʻonā paʻakai nickel) +2e- (mai ka mea hoʻoemi) = Ni (ma ka ʻili o ka substrate)

Nā ʻanuʻu o ka pā nikela ʻeleʻele

KaʻAnuʻu Hana 1: E hoʻomākaukau no ka plating

ʻO ka hana mua, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana e uhi ʻia i hiki ke holoi ʻia nā mea ʻino, e like me ka lepo, ka aila, nā ʻōpala, nā momona, a me nā mea kemika ma luna o ka ʻili, e hoʻomākaukau ana no ka adhesion nickel coating maikaʻi loa.Ma kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe e like me ka sulfuric acid a me ka waika hydrochloric, holoi ʻia me ka wai ʻauʻau i loko o kahi ʻauʻau wela e hoʻopau i ka ʻakika a pale i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻili.

KaʻAnuʻu Hana 2: Lapaʻau ma ka plating ʻauʻau

Lapaʻau-mea kanu no ka electroless nickel plating

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana a hoʻomākaukau i ka wai ʻauʻau, hiki ke hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana plating.Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana i loko o kahi ʻauʻau nickel plating i loaʻa nā uku kūpono.ʻO ka mea e uhi ʻia e huki i nā ion nickel i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia i ko lākou mau ʻili, e hopena i kahi papa maikaʻi o ka uhi.No ka mea, ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka nickel plating electroless i kahi kumu uila, ʻo ka mahana o ka ʻauʻau plating ka mea hoʻololi mana mua i ka hana (70 a 90⁰C makemake ʻia).

ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka papa nickel i waiho ʻia ma waena o 5 a me 25 microns i kēlā me kēia hola.Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ʻaʻohe o kēia manawa a he kaʻina hana autocatalytic plating, ʻaʻohe palena o ka mānoanoa;e like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka manawa lapaʻau, pēlā nō ka mānoanoa deposition.

KaʻAnuʻu 3: Ma hope o ka hana

I ka wā ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, hoʻopau ʻia nā ʻāpana a me nā koena i hoʻopili ʻia e ka holoi ʻana me ka waika, alkali, a me ka hopena surfactant.A laila, hoʻopau hou ʻia, e like me ka polishing, waxing, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i nā koi.

Hoʻololi i nā mea i loko o ka pā nikela uila ʻole

Hoʻopili kekahi mau mea i nā hopena o ka nickel electroless plating, pono e mālama ʻia e hoʻokō i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili.

1.          Ka hemahema ma ka ʻili

Hoʻopili ʻia ka nickel plating e nā hemahema o ka ʻili e like me nā burrs, slags, a me ka ʻōpala mua.No laila ʻo ka manaʻo maikaʻi loa e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau mea i ka wā e hana ai a laila wehe i nā hemahema me ke kaʻina deburring.

2.          Maʻemaʻe o ka ʻili

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana me ka nickel plating, pono e wehe ʻia ka lepo, nā aila, a i ʻole nā ​​kopa i hana ʻia e ka saponification o ka aila e ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe alkaline.Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻili, hiki ke ʻili a pohō paha ka papa o Nickel ma hope o kekahi manawa.

3.          Waiwai PH

He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ka waiwai PH no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ala electroless.Pono ka pālākiō PH ma waena o 3.8 a me 5. I ka hopena, ua manaʻo ʻia e piʻi ka pH i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, no laila pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka stabilizer a me ka hoʻonā paʻa no ka mālama ʻana i ka PH i loko o ke kaʻina hana.

I ka piʻi ʻana o ka PH, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka nui o nā ion hydroxide, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā ion nickel a hana i ka nickel hydroxide, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā kona.

4.          ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o Nickel ion

ʻO ka hoʻonā paʻakai i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻili lapaʻau ʻo ia ke kumu nickel ion i waiho ʻia ma ka ʻili substrate.No laila, inā haʻahaʻa ka ʻike o ka nickel ion, e lohi ke kaʻina hana plating.Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole like ka deposition.Aia ka laulā maʻamau o ka nickel concentration ma waena20 a me 45 g / l.

5.          Mahana

Pono ka mahana ʻauʻau lapaʻau ma waena70 a me 90⁰C.Ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana, e mahuka kekahi mau mea ʻala o nā mea hoʻohui, e koi ana i ka manawa hou no ka waiho ʻana.

Nā pono

E like me nā ala ʻē aʻe o ka plating a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi mua ʻo nā ʻāpana i uhi ʻia a lilo nā huahana i ka corrosion me ka pale ʻana i nā hopena kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi.Akā, ma waho aʻe o kēlā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōmaikaʻi o ka nickel plating electroless.E nānā pono kākou i kekahi mau pono koʻikoʻi.

Kumukuai haahaa

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu kumu kūʻai i ke ala hoʻopau plating ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka uila.Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻoheheʻe nickel electroless i kahi kumu uila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka zinc plating.

Ka uhi like

ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka nickel electroless ka hopena i ka uhi like ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka substrate.ʻO ka mahana, ka waiwai PH o ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau, ka neʻe ʻana o ka nickel ion, ka manawa mālama, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui ke hoʻomalu ʻia e hoʻokō i ka mānoanoa makemake o ka nickel plating.

Kūlike ana

No ka mea hiki i ka 5-micron plating mānoanoa ke loaʻa, ʻaʻole ia e pili i ka hoʻomanawanui i koi ʻia ma nā ʻāpana.

ʻoʻoleʻa

Hoʻopili ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau i ka paʻakikī o nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.Hoʻonui nā pae phosphorus haʻahaʻa i ka paʻakikī i ka wā e hoʻemi ana i ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ka papa plating.

Hoʻoponopono ʻili liʻiliʻi

ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe nickel electroless kekahi kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā māwae liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili substrate.No laila, hiki ke lilo i mea maikaʻi loa i nā nooks papa, nā ʻūhā, a me nā āpau makapō me ka mānoanoa like.

ʻO ka nani a me nā pono ʻē aʻe

Hāʻawi ka waihoʻoluʻu melemele-keʻokeʻo o ka nickel plating i ka nani aesthetic hoihoi i nā pats a me nā huahana.Eia hou, ua emi ka paʻakikī.ʻAʻole pono ia i kahi kaʻina kānana paʻakikī.I kēia mau lā, loaʻa nā mea hana automated i ka ʻoihana hana, e maʻalahi ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kaʻina hana.

Nā noi

Hāʻawi ke kaʻina hana nickel plating electroless i nā ʻoihana like ʻole e hana i kā lākou mau ʻāpana corrosion resistive a paʻa.Eia nā ʻoihana nui kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka nickel plating;

Ka hopena

ʻO ka electroless nickel plating kahi ʻano hana hoʻopau kū hoʻokahi no nā mea he nui, me ke kila, keleawe, keleawe, aluminika, plastic, a me nā mea he nui.Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Nickel plating i ka lōʻihi ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi loa ma ka ʻili substrate.Eia kekahi, no ka mea, he keʻokeʻo melemele ʻoniʻoni ʻo Nickel, hāʻawi ia i ka nani aesthetic hoihoi.Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia ka plating me ka electrolysis a i ʻole, e nānā i ka ʻokoʻa ma waenaElectroplating a me Electro-less plating.

Ma muli o ka nui o ka hopena kemika a me ka catalytic i ke kaʻina hana, hiki ke huikau ka electroless nickel plating no nā poʻe he nui, ʻoi aku ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole.ʻike ʻoihana no ke kemika ʻenekinia.Eia naʻe, ma ʻaneʻi maProleanHub, ua hana kā mākou mau ʻenekinia a me nā ʻenehana i ka ʻenehana hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili, me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka nickel electroless, no nā makahiki he ʻumi.No laila, e hoʻomaopopo lākou i ke ʻano kemika kūpono a me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana ke wehewehe ʻoe i kāu mau koi a me nā noi.

FAQ

He aha ka electroless nickel plating?

ʻO ia kekahi o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili kahi e waiho ʻia ai kahi papa Nickel ma luna o ka substrate ma o nā hopena kemika catalytic a me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ka uila.

He aha nā hāʻina nui ʻelua i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻoheheʻe nickel electroless?

ʻO kahi hoʻonā paʻakai i loaʻa i nā nickel ions & Reducing agent nā mea hoʻonā kemika mua ʻelua i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaʻina hana.

He aha nā mea maʻamau i uhi ʻia me ka nickel plating electroless?

Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia kēia ʻano no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kila kila, ke kila kila, ke keleawe aluminika, ke keleawe, ke keleawe, a me nā plastics.

He aha nā mea e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka nickel plating?

ʻO ka mahana a me ka PH o ka ʻauʻau plating, ka manawa lapaʻau, ka maʻemaʻe o ka ʻili o ka substrate, a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka Nickel ion i loko o ka hopena nā kumu nui e hoʻohuli ai i ka hopena plating.